Geo Factbook Logo
Geo Factbook

Ethiopia vs Nigeria: Compare Statistics

Side-by-side comparison of 115 key metrics across economy, population, geography, and more — latest data through 2026.

Ethiopia
eth
Leads on 43 of 115 metrics
Nigeria
nga
Leads on 58 of 115 metrics

Summary

Comparing Ethiopia and Nigeria: Nigeria leads on People Living With HIV/AIDS (1.70) against Ethiopia (620,000); Ethiopia leads on Televisions (682,000) against Nigeria (6.90); Ethiopia leads on Oil Proved Reserves (430,000) against Nigeria (37.20). Across 115 compared metrics, Ethiopia wins on 43 and Nigeria wins on 58.

  • Communications: 7 metrics compared
  • Economy: 47 metrics compared
  • Environment: 6 metrics compared
  • Geography: 6 metrics compared
  • Government: 4 metrics compared
  • Health: 11 metrics compared
  • Military and Security: 1 metric compared
  • People and Society: 29 metrics compared
  • Transportation: 4 metrics compared

Communications

7 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Internet Penetration Rate (%)21.94 %41.21 %★
Internet Usage Rate by Country (% of Population)16.7 %35.51 %★
Internet Userspercent of population: 17% (2021 est.)percent of population: 39% (2023 est.)
Press Freedom Index Score36.92 points46.81 points★
Radios15.223.5★
Televisions682,000★6.9
Waterwaysnone8,575

Economy

47 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Agriculture Value Added as a Share of GDP by Country61.91B $128.78B $★
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by Country in Current US Dollars174.87B $193.10B $★
Central Bank Discount Rate (%)NA4.25 %
Coal Revenue00
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate (%)13.5 %17.58 %★
Current Health Expenditure (% of GDP)3.3 % of GDP3.9 % of GDP★
Ease of Doing Business Index4886.2★
Electricity Consumption9.0624.72★
Electricity Exports166★0
Electricity from Fossil Fuels380★
Electricity from Hydroelectric Plants86★19
Electricity from Nuclear Fuels00
Electricity from Other Renewables11★0
Electricity Imports00
Electricity Installed Capacity2.7810.52★
Electricity Production11.1529.35★
Energy Consumption per Capita (USD)2.37 USD per capita7.99 USD per capita★
Gini Index Coefficient31.135.1★
Gross Fixed Investment22.7★18.8
Gross National Saving32.1★18.2
Industrial Production Growth Rate (%)9.2 %★2.4 %
Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)21 %★33.2 %
Military Expenditures (% of GDP)0.7 % of GDP★0.6 % of GDP
Natural Gas Consumption017.24★
Natural Gas Exports027.21★
Natural Gas Imports00
Natural Gas Production044.48★
Natural Gas Proved Reserves24.92★5.48
Oil Consumption47,000279,000★
Oil Exports02.1★
Oil Imports33,480187,700★
Oil Production02.46★
Oil Proved Reserves430,000★37.2
Population Below Poverty Line23.5 people★40.1 people
Public Debt31.419.6★
Real GDP Growth Rate (USD)7.3 USD★3.4 USD
Refined Petroleum Products Consumption74,000325,000★
Refined Petroleum Products Exports02,332★
Refined Petroleum Products Imports69,970223,400★
Refined Petroleum Products Production035,010★
Remittances0.3311.3★
Revenue from Forest Resources5.81★1.02
Robotics Research Funding0.17 USD★0.13 USD
Share of population in poverty ($3 a day)33★35.77
Taxes and Other Revenues4.51★3.4
Unemployment Rate3.4 %3 %★
Youth Labor Force Participation Rate68.46 %★82.52 %

Environment

6 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Annual CO₂ Emissions Growth (abs)266,630★6.45M
Carbon Dioxide Emissions18.52★114.4
Population Distributionhighest density is found in the highlands of the north and middle areas of the country, particularly around the centrally located capital city of Addis Ababa; the far east and southeast are sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution maplargest population of any African nation; significant population clusters are scattered throughout the country, with the highest density areas being in the south and southwest, as shown in this population distribution map
Protected Land Area for Adaptation17 sq km★13.9 sq km
Total Renewable Groundwater Resources by Country20 Cubic meters per year87 Cubic meters per year★
Total Renewable Water Resources122286.2★

Geography

6 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Percentage of land area by degree of urbanization5.3 %7.65 %★
Above-Ground Biomass in Forest (tonnes/ha)121.31134.77★
Agricultural land393,721.2 sq. km703,753 sq. km★
Coastline Length (km)0 km853 km★
Dam capacity per capita222.45 cubic meters per inhabitant★206.73 cubic meters per inhabitant
Irrigated Land1,8142,188★

Government

4 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Rule of Law Index by Country17.95 %21.26 %★
Administrative Divisions1236★
Independenceoldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world, at least 2,000 years; may be traced to the Aksumite Kingdom, which appeared in the first century B.C.1
Suffrage Participation Rate1818

Health

11 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Access to Safe Drinking Water13.55 %29.9 %★
Diabetes Prevalence (% of Population)4.4★3
Health Care Spending per Capita92.99 USD349.89 USD★
Health Expenditure (% of GDP)3.2 % of GDP4.1 % of GDP★
HIV/AIDS Adult Prevalence Rate0.8 %★1.3 %
Hospital Bed Density6.3 people/sq km★0.53 people/sq km
Maternal Mortality Ratio (%)195 %★993 %
Mean Age at First Birth19.320.4★
Obesity Adult Prevalence Rate (%)4.5 %★8.9 %
People Living With HIV/AIDS620,0001.7★
Underweight Children Under 521.2★24.4

Military and Security

1 metric
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Total Armed Forces Personnel (PPP)138,000223,000★

People and Society

29 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Currently married (Percent)68.08 %★65.4 %
Human Capital Index0.38★0.38
Life expectancy at birth72.18 years★55.58 years
Median age of population19.34 years★18.33 years
Population Change3.49M persons4.98M persons★
Population density138.75 per sq. km★265.94 per sq. km
Total population138.88M persons242.38M persons★
Academic Freedom Index0.340.88★
Birth Rate (%)29.08 %33.56 %★
Contraceptive Prevalence Rate37.7 %★16.6 %
Death Rate (%)5.58 %★9.42 %
Education Expenditure (% of GDP)2.3 % of GDP★0.3 % of GDP
Female population of reproductive age35.02M persons58.88M persons★
Labor Force Participation Rate54.47113.35★
Learning-adjusted years of school4.02 years6.5 years★
Length of paid parental leave for mother0 days0 days
Major Urban Areas Population5.46 people15.95 people★
Mean Male Height (cm)166.23★165.91
Military Manpower at Military Age1818
Military Service Age and Obligation1818
Percentage of population by degree of urbanization67.29 %82.04 %★
Physician Density0.14 people/sq km0.38 people/sq km★
Population Growth Rate2.34 %2.39 %★
Population living in slums59.67 %★43.39 %
Total deaths769,483.3 persons★2.74M persons
Total demand for family planning (Percent)43.77 %★35.5 %
Total fertility rate3.72 per woman4.21 per woman★
Total net-migration33,628.9 persons★-1,780.6 persons
Under-five mortality rate39.98 per live births★98.68 per live births

Transportation

4 metrics
Metric🇪🇹 Ethiopia🇳🇬 NigeriaShare
Air Travel Trips Per Capita (PPP)0.030.03
Airports58★50
Civil Air Travel2557★
Heliports115★

Related comparisons

More Ethiopia comparisons

More Nigeria comparisons