Press Freedom Index Score 2009

The Press Freedom Index Score measures the level of media freedom in countries worldwide. A higher score indicates stronger press independence, essential for democracy and transparency. Understanding these scores helps highlight the importance of free expression in society.

169 data points•Updated 12/7/2025•World•Reporters Without Borders (RSF)•

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Complete Data Rankings

Rank
1	Eritrea	115.5 points
2	North Korea	112.5 points
3	Turkmenistan	107 points
4	Iran	104.143 points
5	Myanmar	102.667 points
6	Cuba	94 points
7	Laos	92 points
8	China	84.5 points
9	Yemen	83.375 points
10	Vietnam	81.667 points
11	Syrian Arab Republic	78 points
12	Somalia	77.5 points
13	Saudi Arabia	76.5 points
14	Sri Lanka	75 points
15	State of Palestine	69.833 points
16	Uzbekistan	67.667 points
17	Pakistan	65.667 points
18	Equatorial Guinea	65.5 points
19	Rwanda	64.667 points
20	Libya	64.5 points
21	Brunei Darussalam	63.5 points
22	Tunisia	61.5 points
23	Russia	60.875 points
24	Fiji	60 points
25	Belarus	59.5 points
26	Afghanistan	54.25 points
27	Sudan	54 points
28	Azerbaijan	53.5 points
29	Congo, Democratic Republic of the	53.5 points
30	Iraq	53.3 points
31	Eswatini	52.5 points
32	Egypt	51.375 points
33	Kazakhstan	49.667 points
34	Algeria	49.563 points
35	Ethiopia	49 points
36	Niger	48.5 points
37	Gambia	48.25 points
38	Mexico	48.25 points
39	Zimbabwe	46.5 points
40	Nigeria	46 points
41	Madagascar	45.833 points
42	Singapore	45 points
43	Chad	44.5 points
44	Malaysia	44.25 points
45	Thailand	44 points
46	Gabon	43.5 points
47	Honduras	42 points
48	Morocco	41 points
49	Colombia	40.125 points
50	Kyrgyzstan	40 points
51	Venezuela	39.5 points
52	Philippines	38.25 points
53	Turkey	38.25 points
54	Bangladesh	37.333 points
55	Angola	36.5 points
56	Bahrain	36.5 points
57	Nepal	35.625 points
58	Cambodia	35.167 points
59	Congo	34.25 points
60	Sierra Leone	34 points
61	Republic of Moldova	33.75 points
62	Tajikistan	32 points
63	Jordan	31.875 points
64	Armenia	31.125 points
65	Djibouti	31 points
66	Cameroon	30.5 points
67	Guatemala	29.5 points
68	Oman	29.5 points
69	India	29.333 points
70	Burundi	29 points
71	Côte d'Ivoire	29 points
72	Guinea	28.5 points
73	Indonesia	28.5 points
74	Mauritania	28.5 points
75	Lesotho	27.5 points
76	Dominican Republic	26.833 points
77	Zambia	26.75 points
78	Kenya	25 points
79	Bolivia	24.167 points
80	Qatar	24 points
81	Guinea-Bissau	23.5 points
82	Mongolia	23.333 points
83	Senegal	22 points
84	Ukraine	22 points
85	Albania	21.75 points
86	Uganda	21.5 points
87	United Arab Emirates	21.5 points
88	Peru	20.875 points
89	Ecuador	20 points
90	Comoros	19 points
91	Mozambique	19 points
92	Georgia	18.833 points
93	Central African Republic	17.75 points
94	El Salvador	17.25 points
95	Croatia	17.167 points
96	Montenegro	17 points
97	Nicaragua	16.75 points
98	Benin	16 points
99	Seychelles	16 points
100	Timor-Leste	16 points
101	Brazil	15.875 points
102	Bhutan	15.75 points
103	South Korea	15.667 points
104	Bulgaria	15.611 points
105	Botswana	15.5 points
106	Liberia	15.5 points
107	Malawi	15.5 points
108	Serbia	15.5 points
109	Tanzania	15.5 points
110	Togo	15.5 points
111	Lebanon	15.417 points
112	Kuwait	15.25 points
113	Taiwan	15.083 points
114	Burkina Faso	15 points
115	Haiti	15 points
116	Papua New Guinea	14.7 points
117	Panama	14.5 points
118	Paraguay	14.333 points
119	Maldives	14 points
120	Mauritius	14 points
121	Romania	12.5 points
122	Italy	12.143 points
123	China, Hong Kong SAR	11.75 points
124	Argentina	11.333 points
125	Cabo Verde	11 points
126	Slovakia	11 points
127	Spain	11 points
128	France	10.667 points
129	Suriname	10.6 points
130	Bosnia and Herzegovina	10.5 points
131	Chile	10.5 points
132	Guyana	10.5 points
133	Poland	9.5 points
134	Slovenia	9.5 points
135	Greece	9 points
136	Namibia	9 points
137	North Macedonia	8.75 points
138	South Africa	8.5 points
139	Costa Rica	8 points
140	Mali	8 points
141	Portugal	8 points
142	Uruguay	7.625 points
143	Trinidad and Tobago	7 points
144	Ghana	6 points
145	Cyprus	5.5 points
146	Hungary	5.5 points
147	Czech Republic	5 points
148	Jamaica	4.75 points
149	Luxembourg	4 points
150	United Kingdom	4 points
151	Canada	3.7 points
152	Germany	3.5 points
153	Japan	3.25 points
154	Australia	3.125 points
155	Austria	3 points
156	Latvia	3 points
157	New Zealand	3 points
158	Belgium	2.5 points
159	Malta	2.5 points
160	Lithuania	2.25 points
161	Iceland	2 points
162	Netherlands	1 points
163	Switzerland	1 points
164	Estonia	0.5 points
165	Denmark	0 points
166	Finland	0 points
167	Ireland	0 points
168	Norway	0 points
169	Sweden	0 points

↑Top 10 Countries

Analysis: These countries represent the highest values in this dataset, showcasing significant scale and impact on global statistics.

↓Bottom 10 Countries

Context: These countries or territories have the lowest values, often due to geographic size, administrative status, or specific characteristics.

Analysis & Context

In 2009, the Press Freedom Index Score provided a critical measure of media freedom across the globe. This index, invaluable for understanding the state of press independence, highlighted the vital role of free expression in maintaining democratic values and transparency. By examining the Press Freedom Index Score, we can better appreciate the nuances and challenges of sustaining press freedom worldwide, with implications for both societal and political landscapes.

Understanding the Press Freedom Index Score

The Press Freedom Index Score is a pivotal metric used to gauge the liberty afforded to the press in different nations. With 169 countries analyzed in 2009, the scores ranged from a minimum of 0.00 to a maximum of 115.50, indicating a stark contrast in media environments globally. A nation with a higher score typically suffers from more restrictions, while a lower score denotes greater freedom. The average score in 2009 stood at 30.20, with the median at 21.75, reflecting the varied experiences of press freedom worldwide.

Extremes in Press Freedom: Top and Bottom Performers

In 2009, the data revealed a sharp dichotomy between countries with the most and least press freedom. At the unfavorable end, Eritrea recorded the highest score of 115.5, indicating severe press restrictions. Other countries with alarming scores included North Korea (112.5), Turkmenistan (107), and Iran (104.143). These nations were marked by stringent government control over media, often suppressing independent journalism and free expression. Conversely, Denmark, Norway, Ireland, Finland, and Sweden all boasted perfect scores of 0, showcasing exemplary environments for press freedom. Such nations were recognized for their robust legal frameworks protecting journalists and minimal governmental interference in media affairs.

Notable Year-over-Year Changes in 2009

Examining year-over-year changes provides insights into the dynamics of press freedom. In 2009, some countries witnessed significant increases in their scores, suggesting deteriorating press conditions. Fiji experienced the largest jump, with its score increasing by 44.00 points, a stark 275% rise, reflecting tighter media control. Similarly, Madagascar saw a 118.3% increase in restrictions, while Yemen and Iran reported substantial hikes as well. On the brighter side, Georgia and Djibouti improved their scores significantly, signaling a relative liberalization. Georgia, in particular, saw a decrease of 12.42 points (39.7%), suggesting efforts towards greater media openness.

Regional Trends and Implications

Examining regional trends revealed that press freedom varied widely across continents. European countries generally enjoyed the highest degree of press liberty, with many nations maintaining scores close to zero. This was in stark contrast to Asia and Africa, where many countries faced significant challenges. Nations like China and Myanmar continued to impose heavy restrictions on media, underscoring a persistent struggle for press independence. These regional disparities reflect not only the political climates but also cultural attitudes towards freedom of expression, with implications for international relations and human rights advocacy.

Policy and Governance Impact on Press Freedom

The Press Freedom Index Score of 2009 also highlighted the impact of governmental policies and governance on media liberty. Countries with authoritarian regimes, such as Eritrea and North Korea, maintained strict control over all forms of news and information. These nations often justified media suppression as necessary for national stability and unity. In contrast, democracies with strong institutional frameworks, such as those in Scandinavia, fostered environments conducive to free expression. These contrasting governance styles illustrate the critical role of policy in shaping media landscapes and the broader societal implications of press freedom.

The 2009 Press Freedom Index Score serves as a potent reminder of the complexities and challenges of ensuring media freedom worldwide. It underscores the need for continuous advocacy and policy reform to protect journalists and uphold the fundamental human right of free expression, essential for democratic societies to thrive.

Insights by country

Kenya

In 2009, Kenya held the 78th position out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index, reflecting a score of 25 points. This ranking indicates a significant concern regarding the freedom of the press within the country, where media outlets often faced challenges in operating independently.

The low score can be attributed to various factors, including government censorship, harassment of journalists, and a hostile environment for dissenting voices. During this period, the political landscape was marked by tension and instability, which contributed to the suppression of free expression and the media's ability to report on critical issues.

Additionally, it is important to note that despite the challenges faced by the press, Kenya has a vibrant civil society and a history of media activism, which continues to advocate for greater press freedoms and transparency in governance.

Afghanistan

In 2009, Afghanistan achieved a Press Freedom Index Score of 54.25 points, ranking 26th out of 169 countries. This score reflects a complex media landscape shaped by ongoing conflict and the political climate following the fall of the Taliban regime.

The relatively high score for Afghanistan at the time can be attributed to the emergence of a more vibrant press sector, fostered by international support and the establishment of numerous independent media outlets. However, the environment for journalists remained perilous, as they faced threats from both government authorities and insurgent groups, which often sought to suppress dissenting voices.

Moreover, the challenges of press freedom in Afghanistan were exacerbated by societal norms and the ongoing instability in the region. This included issues related to censorship, intimidation, and violence against journalists, which underscored the precarious nature of media operations in the country during this period.

Ukraine

In 2009, Ukraine ranked 84th out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index, with a score of 22 points. This ranking reflected significant challenges in media freedom within the country, stemming from political pressures and government influence over the press.

The relatively low score indicated that journalists often faced harassment, censorship, and restrictions on their ability to report freely, particularly on issues related to the government and political dissent. The environment for press freedom was further complicated by the influence of oligarchs who controlled major media outlets, leading to biased reporting and a lack of diverse viewpoints in the media landscape.

Despite these challenges, Ukraine's media landscape was characterized by a vibrant civil society and active journalism, which sought to promote transparency and accountability, particularly in the face of governmental and political obstacles. This complex dynamic highlighted the ongoing struggle for press freedom in Ukraine during this period.

Djibouti

In 2009, Djibouti held the position of 65th out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index, reflecting significant challenges in media freedom. The country received a score of 31 points, indicating a restrictive environment for journalists and media outlets.

The low score and ranking can be attributed to government control over the press, limited freedom of expression, and censorship practices that stifle independent journalism. The state often imposes strict regulations on media operations and restricts access to information, which hinders the ability of the press to operate freely.

Additionally, the political landscape in Djibouti is characterized by a dominant ruling party and limited political pluralism, which further complicates the media's role in society. This situation reflects broader regional trends in the Horn of Africa, where many countries experience similar press freedom challenges.

Dominican Republic

In 2009, the Dominican Republic achieved a Press Freedom Index Score of 26.8333 points, placing it at 76th out of 169 countries. This score reflects a moderate level of press freedom, indicating challenges in the media landscape that can impact journalistic integrity and independence.

Several factors contributed to this score, including instances of government interference in the media, limitations on freedom of expression, and concerns surrounding the safety of journalists. Additionally, the legal environment for media operations in the Dominican Republic has been characterized by restrictive laws that can hinder the press from functioning freely.

Despite these challenges, the Dominican Republic has a vibrant media scene with a variety of local newspapers, television stations, and radio broadcasts. However, the ongoing struggle for greater press freedom highlights the need for continued advocacy and reform to ensure that journalists can operate without fear of reprisal.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

In 2009, Bosnia and Herzegovina was ranked 130 out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index, reflecting significant challenges to media freedom in the nation. The country received a score of 10.5 points, indicating a concerning environment for journalists and media outlets.

This low score can be attributed to various factors, including the presence of political pressures, threats to journalists, and a lack of legal protections for media workers. The aftermath of the Bosnian War and ongoing ethnic tensions have contributed to a climate where media freedom is often compromised by nationalist agendas and governmental oversight.

Furthermore, the media landscape in Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized by a fragmented ownership structure, which can lead to biased reporting and limited public trust in media outlets. This situation underscores the importance of advocating for stronger protections for press freedom to foster a more informed and democratic society.

Austria

In 2009, Austria was ranked 155 out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index, reflecting significant challenges in media freedom at that time. The country received a score of 3 points, indicating a concerning environment for journalists and media outlets.

This low ranking can be attributed to various factors, including government influence over public broadcasting and limitations on the independence of media organizations. Additionally, legal restrictions and the climate of self-censorship among journalists further contributed to the deterioration of press freedom.

Despite being a democratic nation, Austria's media landscape faced criticism for restrictive laws and insufficient protections for journalists, which raised concerns among international watchdogs. This situation underscores the complexities and challenges that can exist even in established democracies regarding the protection of fundamental freedoms.

Laos

In 2009, Laos achieved a Press Freedom Index score of 92 points, ranking 7th out of 169 countries. This score indicates a relatively high level of press freedom compared to many other nations, particularly within the Southeast Asian region, where media restrictions are prevalent.

The high ranking can be attributed to a combination of factors, including the government's efforts to maintain a tight control over media content, which limits the potential for dissent and criticism. The state-owned media significantly influences public discourse, and while independent journalism exists, it operates under strict regulations and limitations.

Interestingly, despite its high rank in the 2009 index, Laos has faced ongoing criticism for its lack of political pluralism and suppression of free expression, which raises questions about the true extent of press freedom in the country. Additionally, global trends show that press freedom has generally been on the decline in many regions, highlighting a broader context in which Laos operates.

Brazil

In 2009, Brazil ranked 101st out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index, reflecting significant challenges to media freedom within the country. The nation's score of 15.875 points indicated a moderate level of press freedom, with various factors influencing this status.

Several issues contributed to Brazil's ranking, including political pressures, violence against journalists, and the concentration of media ownership, which can limit diverse perspectives in public discourse. Additionally, Brazil faced criticisms regarding the treatment of journalists covering sensitive topics, such as corruption and social issues.

Despite these challenges, Brazil's media landscape remains vibrant, with a mix of print, broadcast, and online outlets that continue to play an essential role in informing the public and fostering debate, though they often operate under pressure and scrutiny.

Croatia

Croatia ranked 95th out of 169 countries in the Press Freedom Index in 2009, reflecting a score of 17.1667 points. This positioning indicates a moderate level of press freedom, suggesting that while there were opportunities for journalistic expression, significant challenges remained.

The relatively low ranking can be attributed to various factors, including political pressure on media outlets, concerns over self-censorship among journalists, and instances of harassment against reporters. These issues were compounded by the country's transitional post-war environment, which influenced the media landscape.

Despite these challenges, Croatia's media environment has seen improvements over the years, with ongoing efforts to enhance journalistic standards and protect press freedoms, aligning more closely with European Union norms as the country progressed towards EU membership.

Data Source

Reporters Without Borders (RSF)

Reporters Without Borders (RWB) is an international non-profit organisation governed by principles of democratic governance. We are neither a trade union nor a representative of media companies. Founded in 1985 in Montpellier by four journalists, RSF is at the forefront of the defence and promotion of freedom of information. Recognised as a public interest organisation in France since 1995, RSF has consultative status with the United Nations, UNESCO, the Council of Europe and the International Organization of Francophonie (OIF).

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Historical Data by Year

Explore Press Freedom Index Score data across different years. Compare trends and see how statistics have changed over time.

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