Learning-adjusted years of school 2018

Learning-adjusted years of school measures educational quality by accounting for both enrollment and learning outcomes. This statistic highlights the effectiveness of education systems across countries, emphasizing the need for improved learning environments.

174 data pointsWorldHuman Capital Index, World Bank (WB)

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Complete Data Rankings

Rank
1
China, Hong Kong SAR flag
China, Hong Kong SAR
12.043 years
2
Canada flag
Canada
11.785 years
3
Australia flag
Australia
11.409 years
4
Denmark flag
Denmark
11.374 years
5
Czech Republic flag
Czech Republic
11.336 years
6
Austria flag
Austria
11.276 years
7
Belgium flag
Belgium
11.24 years
8
China, Macao SAR flag
China, Macao SAR
11.073 years
9
Cyprus flag
Cyprus
10.917 years
10
Croatia flag
Croatia
10.81 years
11
Bulgaria flag
Bulgaria
9.8 years
12
Chile flag
Chile
9.689 years
13
Bahrain flag
Bahrain
9.519 years
14
Azerbaijan flag
Azerbaijan
9.373 years
15
China flag
China
9.171 years
16
Albania flag
Albania
8.851 years
17
Argentina flag
Argentina
8.739 years
18
Bosnia and Herzegovina flag
Bosnia and Herzegovina
8.639 years
19
Colombia flag
Colombia
8.521 years
20
Costa Rica flag
Costa Rica
8.5 years
21
Dominica flag
Dominica
8.16 years
22
Antigua and Barbuda flag
Antigua and Barbuda
8.093 years
23
Armenia flag
Armenia
8.07 years
24
Brazil flag
Brazil
7.775 years
25
Algeria flag
Algeria
7.048 years
26
Cambodia flag
Cambodia
6.854 years
27
Dominican Republic flag
Dominican Republic
6.682 years
28
Bangladesh flag
Bangladesh
5.998 years
29
Benin flag
Benin
5.644 years
30
Burundi flag
Burundi
5.38 years
31
Cameroon flag
Cameroon
5.289 years
32
Congo flag
Congo
5.285 years
33
Botswana flag
Botswana
5.075 years
34
Comoros flag
Comoros
5.064 years
35
Afghanistan flag
Afghanistan
4.95 years
36
Angola flag
Angola
4.235 years
37
Belarus flag
Belarus
NaN years
38
Bhutan flag
Bhutan
NaN years
39
Brunei Darussalam flag
Brunei Darussalam
NaN years
40
Côte d'Ivoire flag
Côte d'Ivoire
4.551 years
41
Burkina Faso flag
Burkina Faso
4.352 years
42
Central African Republic flag
Central African Republic
NaN years
43
Japan flag
Japan
12.295 years
44
Finland flag
Finland
12.048 years
45
Ireland flag
Ireland
11.96 years
46
Kazakhstan flag
Kazakhstan
11.798 years
47
Estonia flag
Estonia
11.693 years
48
Latvia flag
Latvia
11.557 years
49
Germany flag
Germany
11.265 years
50
France flag
France
11.173 years
51
Israel flag
Israel
11.087 years
52
Italy flag
Italy
10.891 years
53
Iceland flag
Iceland
10.705 years
54
Hungary flag
Hungary
10.692 years
55
Greece flag
Greece
10.073 years
56
Georgia flag
Georgia
9.153 years
57
Ecuador flag
Ecuador
8.754 years
58
Kyrgyzstan flag
Kyrgyzstan
8.637 years
59
Kenya flag
Kenya
8.414 years
60
Iran flag
Iran
8.192 years
61
Indonesia flag
Indonesia
7.935 years
62
Kosovo flag
Kosovo
7.909 years
63
Grenada flag
Grenada
7.741 years
64
El Salvador flag
El Salvador
7.634 years
65
Jordan flag
Jordan
7.547 years
66
Kuwait flag
Kuwait
7.432 years
67
Jamaica flag
Jamaica
7.172 years
68
India flag
India
6.925 years
69
Kiribati flag
Kiribati
6.872 years
70
Guyana flag
Guyana
6.763 years
71
Lebanon flag
Lebanon
6.58 years
72
Egypt flag
Egypt
6.505 years
73
Lesotho flag
Lesotho
6.314 years
74
Laos flag
Laos
6.309 years
75
Guatemala flag
Guatemala
6.201 years
76
Haiti flag
Haiti
6.15 years
77
Honduras flag
Honduras
6.134 years
78
Gabon flag
Gabon
6.025 years
79
Ghana flag
Ghana
5.827 years
80
Gambia flag
Gambia
5.003 years
81
Guinea flag
Guinea
4.612 years
82
Congo, Democratic Republic of the flag
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
4.532 years
83
Eswatini flag
Eswatini
4.525 years
84
Ethiopia flag
Ethiopia
4.489 years
85
Fiji flag
Fiji
NaN years
86
Russia flag
Russia
11.776 years
87
Netherlands flag
Netherlands
11.761 years
88
Portugal flag
Portugal
11.564 years
89
Poland flag
Poland
11.518 years
90
Lithuania flag
Lithuania
11.368 years
91
New Zealand flag
New Zealand
11.334 years
92
Norway flag
Norway
11.21 years
93
Malta flag
Malta
10.194 years
94
Luxembourg flag
Luxembourg
9.93 years
95
Mauritius flag
Mauritius
9.448 years
96
Malaysia flag
Malaysia
9.336 years
97
Mongolia flag
Mongolia
9.193 years
98
Mexico flag
Mexico
8.813 years
99
Qatar flag
Qatar
8.735 years
100
Oman flag
Oman
8.733 years
101
Montenegro flag
Montenegro
8.716 years
102
Romania flag
Romania
8.613 years
103
Peru flag
Peru
8.448 years
104
Philippines flag
Philippines
8.347 years
105
Republic of Moldova flag
Republic of Moldova
8.251 years
106
Palau flag
Palau
8.249 years
107
Saint Lucia flag
Saint Lucia
8.202 years
108
Saint Kitts and Nevis flag
Saint Kitts and Nevis
8.187 years
109
Nepal flag
Nepal
7.11 years
110
Paraguay flag
Paraguay
6.976 years
111
North Macedonia flag
North Macedonia
6.817 years
112
Panama flag
Panama
6.812 years
113
Nicaragua flag
Nicaragua
6.748 years
114
Myanmar flag
Myanmar
6.674 years
115
Micronesia (Fed. States of) flag
Micronesia (Fed. States of)
6.203 years
116
Namibia flag
Namibia
6.135 years
117
Morocco flag
Morocco
6.05 years
118
Papua New Guinea flag
Papua New Guinea
5.908 years
119
Malawi flag
Malawi
5.511 years
120
Marshall Islands flag
Marshall Islands
5.096 years
121
Pakistan flag
Pakistan
5.066 years
122
Nigeria flag
Nigeria
5.038 years
123
Madagascar flag
Madagascar
4.713 years
124
Mozambique flag
Mozambique
4.318 years
125
Mauritania flag
Mauritania
4.025 years
126
Mali flag
Mali
2.86 years
127
Nauru flag
Nauru
NaN years
128
Singapore flag
Singapore
12.938 years
129
South Korea flag
South Korea
12.248 years
130
Sweden flag
Sweden
11.709 years
131
Slovenia flag
Slovenia
11.615 years
132
United Kingdom flag
United Kingdom
11.457 years
133
Serbia flag
Serbia
11.21 years
134
Switzerland flag
Switzerland
11.112 years
135
United States flag
United States
10.78 years
136
Spain flag
Spain
10.663 years
137
Vietnam flag
Vietnam
10.643 years
138
Ukraine flag
Ukraine
10.121 years
139
Slovakia flag
Slovakia
10.102 years
140
United Arab Emirates flag
United Arab Emirates
9.717 years
141
Seychelles flag
Seychelles
9.674 years
142
Trinidad and Tobago flag
Trinidad and Tobago
9.116 years
143
Turkey flag
Turkey
8.865 years
144
Thailand flag
Thailand
8.856 years
145
Uruguay flag
Uruguay
8.651 years
146
Sri Lanka flag
Sri Lanka
8.374 years
147
Saudi Arabia flag
Saudi Arabia
8.006 years
148
State of Palestine flag
State of Palestine
7.888 years
149
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines flag
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
7.799 years
150
Tajikistan flag
Tajikistan
7.722 years
151
Zimbabwe flag
Zimbabwe
7.007 years
152
Tonga flag
Tonga
6.845 years
153
Samoa flag
Samoa
6.652 years
154
Tunisia flag
Tunisia
6.368 years
155
Timor-Leste flag
Timor-Leste
6.293 years
156
Tuvalu flag
Tuvalu
5.809 years
157
Togo flag
Togo
5.71 years
158
South Africa flag
South Africa
5.57 years
159
Vanuatu flag
Vanuatu
5.37 years
160
Zambia flag
Zambia
5.022 years
161
Solomon Islands flag
Solomon Islands
5.016 years
162
Senegal flag
Senegal
4.864 years
163
Sierra Leone flag
Sierra Leone
4.657 years
164
Tanzania flag
Tanzania
4.474 years
165
Uganda flag
Uganda
4.332 years
166
Sudan flag
Sudan
4.3 years
167
Yemen flag
Yemen
4.179 years
168
Iraq flag
Iraq
4.004 years
169
Rwanda flag
Rwanda
3.887 years
170
Chad flag
Chad
2.873 years
171
Niger flag
Niger
2.692 years
172
South Sudan flag
South Sudan
2.511 years
173
Liberia flag
Liberia
2.207 years
174
Uzbekistan flag
Uzbekistan
NaN years

Top 10 Countries

  1. #1China, Hong Kong SAR flagChina, Hong Kong SAR
  2. #2Canada flagCanada
  3. #3Australia flagAustralia
  4. #4Denmark flagDenmark
  5. #5Czech Republic flagCzech Republic
  6. #6Austria flagAustria
  7. #7Belgium flagBelgium
  8. #8China, Macao SAR flagChina, Macao SAR
  9. #9Cyprus flagCyprus
  10. #10Croatia flagCroatia

Analysis: These countries represent the highest values in this dataset, showcasing significant scale and impact on global statistics.

Bottom 10 Countries

  1. #174Uzbekistan flagUzbekistan
  2. #173Liberia flagLiberia
  3. #172South Sudan flagSouth Sudan
  4. #171Niger flagNiger
  5. #170Chad flagChad
  6. #169Rwanda flagRwanda
  7. #168Iraq flagIraq
  8. #167Yemen flagYemen
  9. #166Sudan flagSudan
  10. #165Uganda flagUganda

Context: These countries or territories have the lowest values, often due to geographic size, administrative status, or specific characteristics.

Analysis & Context

The metric of Learning-adjusted years of school in 2018 provides a nuanced understanding of global education systems, measuring both enrollment and learning outcomes to assess educational quality. This statistic is significant as it goes beyond mere attendance rates to evaluate the effectiveness of schooling in preparing students for future challenges. By comparing these figures globally, we can better understand which countries are excelling and where improvements are necessary.

Global Performance Overview in 2018

The learning-adjusted years of school range widely from as low as 2.21 years in Liberia to a remarkable 12.94 years in Singapore, showcasing a stark contrast in educational effectiveness across countries. On average, students worldwide experienced 7.90 years of learning-adjusted education, with the median slightly higher at 8.01 years. These figures highlight significant disparities, emphasizing the varying quality of education systems globally. Countries like Japan and South Korea also lead with scores above 12 years, underscoring their commitment to high educational standards.

Leading and Lagging Nations

In 2018, Singapore topped the list with nearly 13 years of learning-adjusted schooling, followed closely by Japan and South Korea, each exceeding 12 years. These nations attribute their educational success to robust policies, significant investments in teacher training, and curricula emphasizing critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Conversely, nations like Liberia and South Sudan lingered at the bottom, with learning-adjusted years barely surpassing 2.5 years. Factors contributing to this include limited access to quality teachers, inadequate educational infrastructure, and socio-political instability, all of which hinder educational progress.

Regional trends reveal substantial differences in educational quality, reflective of broader socio-economic conditions. In Africa, countries such as Chad and Niger displayed low learning-adjusted years, highlighting the urgent need for investment in their educational sectors. Meanwhile, European nations like Finland and the Netherlands consistently performed well, demonstrating the benefits of well-funded public education systems. In Asia, China's Hong Kong SAR exemplifies strong educational outcomes tied to rigorous academic expectations and advanced teaching methodologies. Such regional patterns emphasize the critical role of national policies and economic resources in shaping educational effectiveness.

Year-over-Year Changes and Implications

The year 2018 saw a modest average increase of 0.04 years in learning-adjusted schooling, equating to a 0.9% improvement globally. Notably, Papua New Guinea experienced a substantial leap of 1.20 years, reflecting effective educational reforms and increased public investment. Similarly, India and El Salvador reported significant gains, suggesting promising steps toward enhancing educational quality. Conversely, Tuvalu and Eswatini witnessed declines of over 20%, indicating potential challenges such as funding cuts or policy shifts negatively impacting their education systems. Such changes underscore the dynamic nature of educational progress and the impact of governance and resources.

Policy Implications and Recommendations

The data from 2018 underscores the necessity for targeted educational policies that address both enrollment and quality learning outcomes. For countries lagging in learning-adjusted years, strategic investments in teacher training, curriculum development, and infrastructure are crucial. Additionally, international collaborations could offer models for success and shared resources to amplify educational improvements. For leading nations, maintaining high standards while adapting to emerging global educational trends will be essential to sustain their positions. Continued emphasis on inclusive, equitable, and quality education for all students remains a global priority, aiming to eradicate educational disparity and foster a more literate, skilled, and prepared future workforce.

Data Source

Human Capital Index, World Bank (WB)

The Human Capital Data Portal provides global, regional, and economy-level data on key dimensions of human capital, including education, health, social protection, and labor.

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Historical Data by Year

Explore Learning-adjusted years of school data across different years. Compare trends and see how statistics have changed over time.

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