Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth 2019

Explore the global average sex ratio at birth, highlighting the natural baseline in different countries.

236 data points•Updated 9/24/2026•Global Coverage•Sex ratio at birth | Our World in Data•

View data for:

Interactive Map

Loading interactive map...

Complete Data Rankings

Rank
1	Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	118.235 male/female
2	Northern Mariana Islands	114.815 male/female
3	China	113.811 male/female
4	Azerbaijan	111.941 male/female
5	Tokelau	111.111 male/female
6	Maldives	109.499 male/female
7	Armenia	109.13 male/female
8	Vietnam	108.865 male/female
9	Tuvalu	108.547 male/female
10	Niue	108.333 male/female
11	United States Virgin Islands	108.277 male/female
12	Brunei Darussalam	108.246 male/female
13	Albania	108.196 male/female
14	India	108.174 male/female
15	Jersey	108.145 male/female
16	Uzbekistan	108.095 male/female
17	Tonga	107.983 male/female
18	Iceland	107.935 male/female
19	Lebanon	107.81 male/female
20	Montenegro	107.753 male/female
21	North Macedonia	107.638 male/female
22	Nauru	107.586 male/female
23	French Polynesia	107.582 male/female
24	Samoa	107.509 male/female
25	Cuba	107.402 male/female
26	Taiwan	107.399 male/female
27	Slovenia	107.109 male/female
28	Papua New Guinea	107.047 male/female
29	Senegal	106.917 male/female
30	Georgia	106.879 male/female
31	Bosnia and Herzegovina	106.856 male/female
32	Fiji	106.851 male/female
33	Solomon Islands	106.839 male/female
34	Vanuatu	106.793 male/female
35	Marshall Islands	106.695 male/female
36	Guam	106.694 male/female
37	Puerto Rico	106.577 male/female
38	Latvia	106.517 male/female
39	Ukraine	106.507 male/female
40	Kiribati	106.429 male/female
41	Cyprus	106.4 male/female
42	Micronesia (Fed. States of)	106.376 male/female
43	Malta	106.36 male/female
44	Gibraltar	106.341 male/female
45	Kuwait	106.278 male/female
46	Thailand	106.205 male/female
47	Cook Islands	106.195 male/female
48	Norway	106.192 male/female
49	Republic of Moldova	106.148 male/female
50	Australia	106.092 male/female
51	Croatia	106.035 male/female
52	Denmark	106.034 male/female
53	Sweden	106.028 male/female
54	Myanmar	106.006 male/female
55	Hungary	105.972 male/female
56	Bulgaria	105.962 male/female
57	Turkmenistan	105.914 male/female
58	Cabo Verde	105.817 male/female
59	Panama	105.788 male/female
60	Uruguay	105.778 male/female
61	Tajikistan	105.763 male/female
62	Poland	105.76 male/female
63	Spain	105.723 male/female
64	Russia	105.69 male/female
65	New Caledonia	105.671 male/female
66	Greece	105.65 male/female
67	North Korea	105.638 male/female
68	South Korea	105.57 male/female
69	Indonesia	105.562 male/female
70	Italy	105.559 male/female
71	United Kingdom	105.552 male/female
72	Iran	105.538 male/female
73	Greenland	105.529 male/female
74	Libya	105.507 male/female
75	Kyrgyzstan	105.504 male/female
76	New Zealand	105.494 male/female
77	Belarus	105.492 male/female
78	Venezuela	105.461 male/female
79	Tunisia	105.441 male/female
80	Germany	105.326 male/female
81	Finland	105.31 male/female
82	Yemen	105.279 male/female
83	Nepal	105.274 male/female
84	Slovakia	105.27 male/female
85	Iraq	105.262 male/female
86	Bangladesh	105.261 male/female
87	Israel	105.244 male/female
88	Japan	105.158 male/female
89	British Virgin Islands	105.147 male/female
90	Austria	105.14 male/female
91	Kazakhstan	105.121 male/female
92	Argentina	105.084 male/female
93	China, Hong Kong SAR	105.059 male/female
94	Canada	105.057 male/female
95	France	105.005 male/female
96	Turkey	104.996 male/female
97	Switzerland	104.965 male/female
98	Egypt	104.96 male/female
99	Belize	104.941 male/female
100	Lithuania	104.939 male/female
101	Czech Republic	104.864 male/female
102	State of Palestine	104.861 male/female
103	Pakistan	104.847 male/female
104	Honduras	104.844 male/female
105	United Arab Emirates	104.841 male/female
106	Seychelles	104.835 male/female
107	Netherlands	104.828 male/female
108	Monaco	104.813 male/female
109	Ethiopia	104.801 male/female
110	Syrian Arab Republic	104.765 male/female
111	Mongolia	104.726 male/female
112	Saudi Arabia	104.715 male/female
113	Cambodia	104.713 male/female
114	Paraguay	104.702 male/female
115	Turks and Caicos Islands	104.669 male/female
116	Afghanistan	104.659 male/female
117	El Salvador	104.643 male/female
118	Jordan	104.626 male/female
119	Wallis and Futuna Islands	104.615 male/female
120	China, Macao SAR	104.607 male/female
121	Laos	104.605 male/female
122	Portugal	104.559 male/female
123	Malaysia	104.533 male/female
124	United States	104.523 male/female
125	Estonia	104.516 male/female
126	Timor-Leste	104.514 male/female
127	Qatar	104.501 male/female
128	Romania	104.448 male/female
129	Western Sahara	104.435 male/female
130	Bhutan	104.422 male/female
131	Ecuador	104.373 male/female
132	Morocco	104.282 male/female
133	Colombia	104.243 male/female
134	Sri Lanka	104.229 male/female
135	Costa Rica	104.226 male/female
136	Brazil	104.187 male/female
137	Algeria	104.185 male/female
138	Curaçao	104.116 male/female
139	Oman	104.092 male/female
140	Palau	104.082 male/female
141	Aruba	104.037 male/female
142	Ireland	104.034 male/female
143	Mayotte	104.03 male/female
144	Grenada	104.017 male/female
145	Guernsey	103.984 male/female
146	Anguilla	103.947 male/female
147	Belgium	103.912 male/female
148	Dominican Republic	103.907 male/female
149	Chile	103.88 male/female
150	Suriname	103.857 male/female
151	Peru	103.773 male/female
152	Bermuda	103.759 male/female
153	Trinidad and Tobago	103.755 male/female
154	Bolivia	103.738 male/female
155	Philippines	103.716 male/female
156	Somalia	103.69 male/female
157	Guinea	103.669 male/female
158	Mexico	103.638 male/female
159	Jamaica	103.618 male/female
160	Burkina Faso	103.548 male/female
161	Chad	103.467 male/female
162	Bahrain	103.451 male/female
163	Niger	103.447 male/female
164	Sudan	103.411 male/female
165	Saint Kitts and Nevis	103.39 male/female
166	Singapore	103.375 male/female
167	Guadeloupe	103.317 male/female
168	Barbados	103.306 male/female
169	Madagascar	103.279 male/female
170	Guatemala	103.253 male/female
171	Benin	103.238 male/female
172	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	103.231 male/female
173	Serbia	103.214 male/female
174	Dominica	103.183 male/female
175	Nicaragua	103.169 male/female
176	Guinea-Bissau	103.162 male/female
177	Ghana	103.139 male/female
178	Nigeria	103.088 male/female
179	Guyana	103.079 male/female
180	Djibouti	103.068 male/female
181	Togo	103.039 male/female
182	Antigua and Barbuda	103.012 male/female
183	Liberia	102.925 male/female
184	Saint Lucia	102.918 male/female
185	Saint Martin (French part)	102.871 male/female
186	South Sudan	102.863 male/female
187	Bahamas	102.632 male/female
188	Mali	102.623 male/female
189	San Marino	102.609 male/female
190	Mauritania	102.602 male/female
191	Sao Tome and Principe	102.596 male/female
192	Comoros	102.594 male/female
193	Eritrea	102.548 male/female
194	Gambia	102.516 male/female
195	Tanzania	102.303 male/female
196	Haiti	102.259 male/female
197	South Africa	102.227 male/female
198	Sierra Leone	102.218 male/female
199	Eswatini	102.193 male/female
200	Cameroon	102.192 male/female
201	Liechtenstein	102.186 male/female
202	Equatorial Guinea	102.173 male/female
203	Luxembourg	102.168 male/female
204	Saint Barthélemy	102.083 male/female
205	Uganda	102.072 male/female
206	Rwanda	102.03 male/female
207	Central African Republic	101.942 male/female
208	Congo	101.888 male/female
209	Côte d'Ivoire	101.871 male/female
210	Botswana	101.853 male/female
211	Burundi	101.783 male/female
212	Lesotho	101.694 male/female
213	Isle of Man	101.681 male/female
214	Angola	101.663 male/female
215	Zimbabwe	101.61 male/female
216	Kenya	101.553 male/female
217	French Guiana	101.476 male/female
218	Gabon	101.401 male/female
219	Congo, Democratic Republic of the	101.322 male/female
220	Cayman Islands	101.309 male/female
221	Andorra	101.266 male/female
222	Mozambique	101.167 male/female
223	Réunion	100.982 male/female
224	Faroe Islands	100.58 male/female
225	Malawi	100.573 male/female
226	Zambia	100.335 male/female
227	Martinique	100.191 male/female
228	Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	100 male/female
229	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	100 male/female
230	Holy See	100 male/female
231	Namibia	99.954 male/female
232	Mauritius	98.382 male/female
233	American Samoa	96.288 male/female
234	Saint Helena	95.455 male/female
235	Montserrat	89.286 male/female
236	Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	88.618 male/female

↑Top 10 Countries

Analysis: These countries represent the highest values in this dataset, showcasing significant scale and impact on global statistics.

↓Bottom 10 Countries

Context: These countries or territories have the lowest values, often due to geographic size, administrative status, or specific characteristics.

Analysis & Context

In 2019, Sint Maarten (Dutch part) recorded the highest Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth at 118.24 males per 100 females, while the range across 200 countries spanned from a minimum of 102.19 to this maximum. The global average sex ratio for the same year was 105.23, with a median of 104.94, indicating a slight male bias in births worldwide.

Understanding the Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth

The Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth naturally hovers around 105 males to 100 females due to biological factors. However, deviations from this baseline can occur due to a variety of reasons, including cultural, economic, and policy influences. For instance, China and Azerbaijan have ratios significantly higher than the global average, at 113.81 and 111.94 respectively. These elevated figures can be attributed to cultural preferences for male offspring, which may result in sex-selective practices.

Conversely, countries like Cameroon and Eswatini report much lower ratios of 102.19 and 102.19 respectively, aligning more closely with natural biological expectations. These variations underscore the complex interplay of local customs and policies influencing the sex ratio at birth across different regions.

Economic and Policy Influences on Sex Ratio

Economic conditions and policy frameworks significantly impact sex ratios at birth. For example, in Vietnam, with a sex ratio of 108.87, economic growth and family planning policies have historically shaped demographic patterns. Similarly, Armenia (109.13) reflects a similar trend where economic factors and historical family planning policies have influenced demographic outcomes.

In contrast, countries like Maldives (109.50) and Tuvalu (108.55) may experience different influences, where economic development and small population sizes can lead to fluctuations in sex ratios due to migration and other demographic factors.

Year-over-Year Changes and Their Implications

The year-over-year analysis reveals notable shifts in sex ratios for several countries. Jersey experienced the most significant increase, with a rise of 3.44 (3.3%), while Sint Maarten (Dutch part) followed with an increase of 2.47 (2.1%). These changes may reflect shifts in immigration patterns, policy adjustments, or even improved reporting accuracy.

Conversely, countries like San Marino and Tuvalu saw substantial decreases in their sex ratios, by 6.48 (5.9%) and 5.87 (5.1%) respectively. Such declines could be attributed to changes in migration trends, where an influx of females or emigration of males could alter the demographic landscape.

Significance of Deviations in Sex Ratio

Deviations from the natural sex ratio at birth have broader implications for societal balance and future demographic trends. In countries like China and Vietnam, skewed sex ratios can lead to long-term gender imbalances, potentially affecting marriage markets and social stability.

On the other hand, countries with ratios closer to the natural baseline, such as Sierra Leone (102.22) and South Africa (102.23), might experience more balanced demographic growth. Understanding these patterns is crucial for policymakers aiming to address the social and economic challenges posed by skewed sex ratios at birth.

Frequently Asked Questions About Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth in 2019

Which country had the highest sex ratio at birth in 2019?

The highest sex ratio at birth in 2019 was in Sint Maarten (Dutch part) with 118 male/female.

What was the lowest sex ratio at birth recorded in 2019?

The lowest sex ratio at birth in 2019 was in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba with 88.62 male/female.

What was the average sex ratio at birth across all countries in 2019?

The average sex ratio at birth across all countries in 2019 was 104 male/female.

How many countries were included in the dataset for the global average sex ratio at birth in 2019?

The dataset for the global average sex ratio at birth in 2019 included 236 countries.

What was the median sex ratio at birth among countries in 2019?

The median sex ratio at birth among countries in 2019 was 105 male/female.

Which countries were in the top 3 for the highest sex ratio at birth in 2019?

The top 3 countries with the highest sex ratio at birth in 2019 were Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Northern Mariana Islands, and China.

Insights by country

Guyana

In 2019, Guyana had a Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth of 103.07932 male/female, ranking #179 out of 236 countries. This figure is slightly above the global average of approximately 104 male births for every 100 female births, indicating a relatively balanced sex ratio at birth. Contributing factors include cultural preferences for male children and varying access to healthcare services that can influence birth outcomes.

Jamaica

In 2019, Jamaica ranked #159 globally with a sex ratio at birth of 103.618004 male/female. This figure is slightly above the global average, indicating a typical biological trend where more males are born than females. Contributing factors to this statistic in Jamaica include cultural preferences and the impact of health policies on maternal and child health, which can influence birth outcomes.

Hungary

In 2019, Hungary ranked #55 globally with a sex ratio at birth of 105.97154 male/female. This figure is slightly above the global average, reflecting a common trend in many European countries where the natural sex ratio at birth tends to be higher than the global benchmark. Contributing factors include Hungary's cultural preferences for male children and demographic policies that may influence family planning decisions.

Austria

In 2019, Austria ranked #90 globally with a Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth of 105.13957 male/female. This figure is slightly above the global average, which typically hovers around 105 male births for every 100 female births. Austria's sex ratio can be attributed to its stable healthcare system and cultural norms that favor balanced gender ratios, alongside a relatively low incidence of gender-selective practices compared to some other regions.

Luxembourg

In 2019, Luxembourg's Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth was 102.16768 male/female, ranking it #203 out of 236 countries. This figure is slightly above the global average, indicating a typical male-biased birth ratio. Contributing factors include Luxembourg's diverse population and immigration patterns, which influence demographic trends and family planning practices within the country.

Denmark

In 2019, Denmark ranked #52 globally with a Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth of 106.03405 male/female. This figure is slightly above the global average, reflecting a typical pattern seen in many developed countries. Denmark's relatively high sex ratio can be attributed to its advanced healthcare system and societal norms that support gender equality, which may influence parental preferences and reproductive choices.

Chad

In 2019, Chad ranked #161 globally with a sex ratio at birth of 103.46699 male/female. This figure is slightly above the global average, indicating a common trend in many developing countries where a higher number of males are born. Contributing factors include cultural preferences for male offspring, which can influence reproductive choices, and demographic patterns related to fertility rates in Chad's predominantly young population.

France

In 2019, France had a Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth of 105.00476 male/female, ranking #95 out of 236 countries. This ratio is slightly above the global average, reflecting a common trend where the natural birth ratio favors males. Contributing factors in France include its comprehensive healthcare system and social policies that promote gender equality, which influence family planning and reproductive choices.

Cyprus

In 2019, Cyprus achieved a global rank of #41 with a Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth of 106.39965 male/female. This figure is slightly above the global average, which typically hovers around 105 male births for every 100 female births. Contributing factors to this ratio in Cyprus include cultural preferences for male children and demographic trends influenced by migration patterns, where families may favor a balanced gender ratio for future stability.

Lithuania

In 2019, Lithuania's Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth was 104.93873 male/female, ranking #100 out of 236 countries. This ratio is slightly above the global average, reflecting a common trend in Eastern Europe where cultural preferences may influence birth outcomes. Contributing factors in Lithuania include its demographic policies and social attitudes towards gender, which have evolved in recent years, promoting gender equality while still grappling with traditional views.

Data Source

Sex ratio at birth | Our World in Data

Our World in Data is a research organization that provides comprehensive datasets on global development issues, including the sex ratio at birth across various countries. The dataset offers insights into demographic trends and disparities related to gender at the national level.

Visit Data Source

Historical Data by Year

Explore Global Average Sex Ratio at Birth data across different years. Compare trends and see how statistics have changed over time.

2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001

More People and Society Facts

Currently married (Percent)

The percentage of currently married individuals by country highlights societal trends in family structure and relationships. Understanding these statistics can provide insights into cultural norms and demographic shifts, influencing policies and social programs.

View data

Browse All People and Society

Explore more facts and statistics in this category

All Categories

Discover more categories with comprehensive global data