Military Expenditure (% of GDP) 2024
Military expenditure as a percentage of GDP reflects a country's military focus relative to its economy.
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Complete Data Rankings
Rank | Actions | ||
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ukraine | 33.956 % | |
2 | Israel | 8.468 % | |
3 | Algeria | 7.971 % | |
4 | Russia | 6.874 % | |
5 | Myanmar | 6.605 % | |
6 | South Sudan | 6.549 % | |
7 | Saudi Arabia | 6.405 % | |
8 | Oman | 5.589 % | |
9 | Armenia | 5.464 % | |
10 | Azerbaijan | 5.082 % | |
11 | Jordan | 4.748 % | |
12 | Kuwait | 4.44 % | |
13 | Burkina Faso | 4.391 % | |
14 | Mali | 4.249 % | |
15 | Poland | 3.755 % | |
16 | Brunei Darussalam | 3.652 % | |
17 | Burundi | 3.561 % | |
18 | Morocco | 3.435 % | |
19 | United States | 3.43 % | |
20 | Colombia | 3.313 % | |
21 | Estonia | 3.303 % | |
22 | Latvia | 3.298 % | |
23 | Lithuania | 3.144 % | |
24 | Chad | 2.978 % | |
25 | Bahrain | 2.945 % | |
26 | Kyrgyzstan | 2.925 % | |
27 | Greece | 2.885 % | |
28 | Singapore | 2.8 % | |
29 | Namibia | 2.752 % | |
30 | Pakistan | 2.73 % | |
31 | Botswana | 2.677 % | |
32 | Serbia | 2.668 % | |
33 | Central African Republic | 2.601 % | |
34 | Mauritania | 2.547 % | |
35 | South Korea | 2.538 % | |
36 | Tunisia | 2.499 % | |
37 | United Kingdom | 2.437 % | |
38 | Ecuador | 2.312 % | |
39 | Iraq | 2.273 % | |
40 | Denmark | 2.269 % | |
41 | Lebanon | 2.251 % | |
42 | Norway | 2.232 % | |
43 | India | 2.223 % | |
44 | Iran | 2.219 % | |
45 | Niger | 2.196 % | |
46 | Togo | 2.178 % | |
47 | Finland | 2.177 % | |
48 | Romania | 2.174 % | |
49 | Guinea | 2.171 % | |
50 | Timor-Leste | 2.155 % | |
51 | Hungary | 2.125 % | |
52 | Mozambique | 2.124 % | |
53 | France | 2.012 % | |
54 | Sweden | 1.993 % | |
55 | Belarus | 1.98 % | |
56 | Albania | 1.98 % | |
57 | Slovakia | 1.977 % | |
58 | Uganda | 1.973 % | |
59 | Senegal | 1.965 % | |
60 | Uruguay | 1.955 % | |
61 | Netherlands | 1.941 % | |
62 | Bulgaria | 1.935 % | |
63 | Taiwan | 1.911 % | |
64 | Australia | 1.902 % | |
65 | Czech Republic | 1.876 % | |
66 | Croatia | 1.863 % | |
67 | Turkey | 1.84 % | |
68 | Germany | 1.839 % | |
69 | Montenegro | 1.814 % | |
70 | Vietnam | 1.803 % | |
71 | North Macedonia | 1.767 % | |
72 | Chile | 1.667 % | |
73 | China | 1.664 % | |
74 | Somalia | 1.66 % | |
75 | Lesotho | 1.615 % | |
76 | Georgia | 1.593 % | |
77 | Italy | 1.59 % | |
78 | Cyprus | 1.585 % | |
79 | Eswatini | 1.544 % | |
80 | Gabon | 1.527 % | |
81 | Cambodia | 1.522 % | |
82 | Honduras | 1.476 % | |
83 | Spain | 1.46 % | |
84 | Portugal | 1.444 % | |
85 | El Salvador | 1.387 % | |
86 | Jamaica | 1.386 % | |
87 | Canada | 1.349 % | |
88 | Slovenia | 1.344 % | |
89 | Tajikistan | 1.334 % | |
90 | Zambia | 1.326 % | |
91 | Fiji | 1.306 % | |
92 | Japan | 1.295 % | |
93 | Sri Lanka | 1.276 % | |
94 | Belgium | 1.276 % | |
95 | Seychelles | 1.275 % | |
96 | Congo | 1.233 % | |
97 | Rwanda | 1.23 % | |
98 | Bolivia | 1.224 % | |
99 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1.216 % | |
100 | Philippines | 1.19 % | |
101 | Tanzania | 1.173 % | |
102 | New Zealand | 1.162 % | |
103 | Mexico | 1.125 % | |
104 | Belize | 1.082 % | |
105 | Malawi | 1.057 % | |
106 | Thailand | 1.05 % | |
107 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.04 % | |
108 | Kenya | 1.039 % | |
109 | Malaysia | 1.037 % | |
110 | Angola | 1.034 % | |
111 | Nepal | 1.025 % | |
112 | Cameroon | 1.004 % | |
113 | Austria | 0.991 % | |
114 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.982 % | |
115 | Brazil | 0.959 % | |
116 | Paraguay | 0.931 % | |
117 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.897 % | |
118 | Peru | 0.879 % | |
119 | Bangladesh | 0.861 % | |
120 | Indonesia | 0.86 % | |
121 | Guyana | 0.838 % | |
122 | Dominican Republic | 0.814 % | |
123 | Benin | 0.779 % | |
124 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.763 % | |
125 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.762 % | |
126 | Mongolia | 0.758 % | |
127 | South Africa | 0.756 % | |
128 | Madagascar | 0.709 % | |
129 | Liberia | 0.708 % | |
130 | Switzerland | 0.698 % | |
131 | Egypt | 0.667 % | |
132 | Luxembourg | 0.663 % | |
133 | Sierra Leone | 0.661 % | |
134 | Argentina | 0.655 % | |
135 | Cabo Verde | 0.618 % | |
136 | Republic of Moldova | 0.6 % | |
137 | Gambia | 0.595 % | |
138 | Nigeria | 0.555 % | |
139 | Nicaragua | 0.552 % | |
140 | Ethiopia | 0.492 % | |
141 | Kazakhstan | 0.401 % | |
142 | Guatemala | 0.401 % | |
143 | Malta | 0.374 % | |
144 | Zimbabwe | 0.351 % | |
145 | Ghana | 0.349 % | |
146 | Papua New Guinea | 0.31 % | |
147 | Ireland | 0.219 % | |
148 | Mauritius | 0.126 % | |
149 | Haiti | 0.078 % | |
150 | Costa Rica | 0 % | |
151 | Iceland | 0 % | |
152 | Panama | 0 % |
Analysis: These countries represent the highest values in this dataset, showcasing significant scale and impact on global statistics.
- #152
Panama
- #151
Iceland
- #150
Costa Rica
- #149
Haiti
- #148
Mauritius
- #147
Ireland
- #146
Papua New Guinea
- #145
Ghana
- #144
Zimbabwe
- #143
Malta
Context: These countries or territories have the lowest values, often due to geographic size, administrative status, or specific characteristics.
Analysis & Context
In 2024, Ukraine leads the world in Military Expenditure (% of GDP) with a staggering 33.96%, while the global range spans from 0.00% to 33.96%. The global average for military expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 2.15%, providing context into how nations prioritize defense spending relative to their economies.
High Military Expenditure: Strategic and Security Considerations
The countries with the highest military expenditure as a percentage of GDP are often those facing significant security challenges or geopolitical tensions. Ukraine, at the top of the list, is a prime example, with ongoing conflict requiring substantial investment in defense. Similarly, Israel allocates 8.47% of its GDP to military spending, driven by longstanding regional security concerns. Algeria follows with 7.97%, a reflection of its strategic focus on maintaining regional stability and counterterrorism efforts.
In the Middle East, Saudi Arabia and Oman spend 6.41% and 5.59% respectively, influenced by regional rivalries and a need to safeguard critical infrastructure. These countries' high military expenditures are underpinned by both external threats and internal security priorities, demonstrating how geopolitical dynamics shape defense budgets.
Minimal Military Expenditure: Economic and Policy Factors
At the other end of the spectrum, countries like Iceland, Costa Rica, and Panama report 0.00% military expenditure as a percentage of GDP. This reflects their strategic decisions to either rely on alliances for defense or prioritize other areas of public spending. Iceland, for instance, is a NATO member without its own standing army, while Costa Rica abolished its military in 1949, focusing instead on education and healthcare.
Other nations with low military expenditure percentages, such as Mauritius at 0.13% and Ireland at 0.22%, often have limited security concerns and prioritize economic development over defense. These countries illustrate how economic strategies and historical contexts can lead to reduced military budgets.
Year-over-Year Trends: Significant Shifts in Military Spending
The year 2024 has seen notable shifts in military expenditure among several countries. South Sudan experienced the largest increase, with its military spending rising by 4.17% (a 175.3% increase). This substantial rise is likely a response to internal conflicts and efforts to strengthen governmental control. Israel and Myanmar also saw significant increases of 3.19% and 2.87% respectively, driven by heightened security concerns and military modernization initiatives.
Conversely, Ukraine reduced its military expenditure by 2.08%, a 5.8% decrease, potentially indicating strategic realignments or changes in international support. Tajikistan and Togo also reported decreases of 1.06% and 0.87%, respectively, reflecting shifts in national priorities or economic constraints.
Regional and Economic Influences on Military Spending
Military expenditure as a percentage of GDP often correlates with a country's economic structure and regional context. Countries with abundant natural resources, like Saudi Arabia and Russia (spending 6.87%), invest heavily in military capabilities to protect their economic interests and assert influence. In contrast, nations with smaller economies or those focused on peace-building, such as Costa Rica and Panama, allocate minimal resources to defense.
Geopolitical tensions and strategic alliances also play crucial roles. For instance, Armenia and Azerbaijan spend 5.46% and 5.08% respectively, reflecting ongoing regional disputes and the need for military readiness. These patterns underscore how military expenditure is not merely a financial decision but a strategic choice influenced by a complex interplay of economic, political, and security factors.
Frequently Asked Questions About Military Expenditure (% of GDP) in 2024
Which country has the highest military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024?
Ukraine has the highest military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024, with 33.96%.
What is the lowest military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024?
The lowest military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024 is 0%, shared by Iceland, Costa Rica, and Panama.
What is the average military expenditure as a percentage of GDP across all countries in 2024?
The average military expenditure as a percentage of GDP across all countries in 2024 is 2.15%.
What is the median military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024?
The median military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024 is 1.59%.
Which countries are in the top 3 for military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024?
The top 3 countries for military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024 are Ukraine (33.96%), Israel (8.47%), and Algeria (7.97%).
How many countries are included in the dataset for military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024?
There are 152 countries included in the dataset for military expenditure as a percentage of GDP in 2024.
Insights by country
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic ranks #65 globally in Military Expenditure (% of GDP) for 2024, with a value of 1.8763857 %. This figure is below the NATO guideline of 2% and reflects a cautious approach to defense spending compared to its regional neighbors, many of which allocate higher percentages to military budgets. The country's focus on modernization of its armed forces and participation in multinational defense initiatives drives its military expenditure, influenced by both historical commitments and current geopolitical considerations.
Jamaica
In 2024, Jamaica ranks #86 globally with a military expenditure of 1.3856797 % of its GDP. This figure is below the global average and reflects a focus on social development over military spending, particularly when compared to regional neighbors like the Dominican Republic, which has higher military expenditure. Jamaica's strategic priorities are influenced by its geographical position in the Caribbean, where it faces challenges such as drug trafficking and organized crime, necessitating a balanced approach to national security and economic development.
Indonesia
In 2024, Indonesia's military expenditure is ranked #120 globally, accounting for 0.8603018 % of its GDP. This figure is notably lower than the global average, reflecting the country's focus on economic development over military spending. Key drivers for this relatively modest expenditure include Indonesia's vast archipelagic geography, which necessitates a focus on maritime security, and its ongoing efforts to bolster economic growth and infrastructure rather than prioritize military expansion.
Benin
In 2024, Benin's military expenditure is 0.77884793 % of its GDP, ranking #123 out of 152 countries. This figure is relatively low compared to regional neighbors, reflecting a focus on social and economic development over military spending.
The country's strategic priorities are influenced by its geographic location in West Africa, where security challenges exist, yet economic constraints limit defense budgets. Additionally, Benin's commitment to democratic governance and stability has led to a preference for diplomatic solutions over military engagement.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica ranks #150 globally in military expenditure, with a value of 0 % of its GDP in 2024. This is significantly lower than the global average, reflecting the country’s commitment to a long-standing policy of demilitarization. Costa Rica abolished its military in 1949, redirecting resources towards education and health, which has fostered a stable and peaceful society, contributing to its reputation as a leader in sustainable development in the region.
Bahrain
Bahrain ranks #25 globally in 2024 for Military Expenditure, allocating 2.9449298 % of its GDP to defense. This figure is notably higher than the global average, reflecting the country's strategic position in the Gulf region, which is characterized by geopolitical tensions. The significant military spending is driven by Bahrain's need to bolster its defense capabilities amid regional security challenges and its reliance on a strong military partnership with allies, particularly the United States.
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan ranks #10 globally in 2024 for Military Expenditure (% of GDP) at 5.082478%. This figure is notably higher than the global average, indicating a significant prioritization of military funding. Key drivers for this expenditure include ongoing regional tensions, particularly with Armenia, and a strategic focus on enhancing national defense capabilities amid geopolitical challenges. Additionally, Azerbaijan's oil revenues provide the financial resources necessary to support such military investments.
Colombia
In 2024, Colombia's military expenditure is ranked #20 globally, at 3.3131409 % of its GDP. This figure is notably higher than the regional average for Latin America, reflecting the country's ongoing security challenges. Key drivers of this expenditure include Colombia's long-standing issues with internal conflict and drug trafficking, which necessitate substantial investment in military and defense capabilities.
Estonia
In 2024, Estonia ranks #21 globally in military expenditure, allocating 3.3025708 % of its GDP to defense. This figure is notably higher than the NATO guideline of 2%, reflecting the country's commitment to national security amid regional tensions. Estonia's strategic location near Russia and its emphasis on cybersecurity and defense initiatives drive this significant investment in military capabilities.
Botswana
In 2024, Botswana ranks #31 globally for Military Expenditure (% of GDP) at 2.6768765 %. This figure is higher than the regional average for Southern Africa, indicating a significant commitment to defense compared to its neighbors. The country's military spending is influenced by its strategic location and the need to address regional security challenges, as well as its relatively stable economy which allows for such investments.
Data Source
Military spending as a share of GDP | Our World in Data
Our World in Data is a research organization that provides extensive datasets on various global issues, including military spending as a share of GDP. The dataset offers country-level statistics that illustrate trends and comparisons in military expenditure relative to national economic output.
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